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- WORLD, Page 58Tolling the Death Knell
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- Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn urges the swift breakup of the union
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- The debate was torrid, the issue momentous. But even in the
- midst of last week's parliamentary debate over the country's
- economic destiny, many Soviet lawmakers could not tear their
- eyes from the newspapers in their laps. Here was Aleksandr
- Solzhenitsyn, the exiled dissident, writing a polemic about the
- nation's current crisis in the pages of nothing less than
- Komsomolskaya Pravda (circ. 22 million), the mouthpiece of the
- Young Communist League. The 16,000-word text was also printed
- in Literaturnaya Gazeta (4.5 million), which only five years
- ago berated its author as "that vile scum of a traitor."
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- In recent years Soviet officials have permitted the
- publication of some of Solzhenitsyn's earlier writings. But no
- major new works have appeared in the Soviet Union since the
- master of Russian letters was banished for treason in 1974. And
- never before has Solzhenitsyn written about Gorbachev's Soviet
- Union.
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- Judging that at last it was possible to publish practically
- anything in his homeland, Solzhenitsyn finally spoke out from
- his home in Cavendish, Vt. Opening his piece with the potent
- words "The death knell has sounded for Communism," he dismissed
- the years of "noisy perestroika" as a waste that brought about
- an "ugly, fake, election system" with just one goal: preserving
- the Communists' power. Arguing that the Soviet empire "sucks
- all juices" from the Russian heartland, Solzhenitsyn called for
- the creation of a Slavic state comprising the republics of
- Russia, the Ukraine, Belorussia and the northern parts of
- Kazakhstan, which is mostly populated by Russians. The other
- republics, he wrote, should secede or be cut off.
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- Solzhenitsyn's plea will please some secessionists, though
- his concept of a "Russian Union" would hold little appeal for
- independence-minded Ukrainians. The article may also liberate
- him from his reputation as an advocate of authoritarianism.
- Though he maintained that democracy must grow "from the bottom
- up," he clearly endorsed the system. He cautioned, however,
- against excessive Western influence, decrying "degraded pop,
- mass culture [and] vulgar fashions."
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- Would he go back? Two of his conditions have now been met:
- restoration of his citizenship and access to his works for
- Soviet citizens. Among his outstanding demands is that the
- treason charges against him be formally dropped. But given
- today's climate it is conceivable that the author's next
- dateline might be Moscow.
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